MeerKAT Joins World’s Largest Radio Telescope Network to Capture Record-Sharp Image of Distant Black Hole Jet

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For the first time, South Africa’s powerful MeerKAT radio telescope has joined forces with the European VLBI Network (EVN), the world’s most sensitive array of radio telescopes, to produce the sharpest images of the universe ever captured. Their joint observations focused on a distant

For the first time, South Africa’s powerful MeerKAT radio telescope has joined forces with the European VLBI Network (EVN), the world’s most sensitive array of radio telescopes, to produce the sharpest images of the universe ever captured. Their joint observations focused on a distant galaxy and revealed a spectacular jet of plasma ejected by a supermassive black hole, marking a breakthrough in both technology and global scientific cooperation.

MeerKAT, located in the Karoo region of South Africa, consists of 64 satellite dishes, each 13.5 meters wide, spread over an 8-kilometer area. It is operated by the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO) under the National Research Foundation and has been a key national facility since its inauguration in 2018.

The EVN network utilizes very long-baseline interferometry (VLBI), a technique that synchronizes telescopes across distances up to 9,000 kilometers to simulate a telescope the size of Earth itself. This allows astronomers to capture radio wave images of the universe with unmatched clarity.

Thanks to a new collaboration between SARAO and the European Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE), based in the Netherlands, MeerKAT was integrated into the EVN system for the first time. Together, the network trained its telescopes on the galaxy J0123+3044, which glows from the energy of a black hole jet emitting highly energetic plasma.

This observational feat was supported by telescopes across the globe, including the 25-meter dish at Sweden’s Onsala Space Observatory. According to Onsala astronomer Jun Yang, “MeerKAT’s 64 antennas offer sensitivity equivalent to a single dish 100 meters across. This dramatically improves image quality and is a major leap forward for future radio astronomy.”

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The collaboration is a promising development for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) Observatory, an international effort to build the most advanced radio telescopes yet. Construction is underway on two facilities: SKA-Low in Australia and SKA-Mid in South Africa. Sweden is poised to join this global partnership, and both MeerKAT and the EVN are considered precursors to the SKA.

Among SKA’s scientific ambitions is the integration of SKA-Mid with other major radio telescopes worldwide—an approach just successfully demonstrated by the MeerKAT-EVN experiment.

This landmark observation involved an array of telescopes from South Africa, Sweden, the United Kingdom, China, Germany, Italy, Latvia, the Netherlands, Poland, South Korea, and Spain. The results underscore how international cooperation and cutting-edge technology are together unlocking a clearer view of the cosmos than ever before.

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